Thursday, October 17, 2019

Bacteriophage therapy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bacteriophage therapy - Essay Example Presently, people are in danger from exposure to chemicals that are hazardous risks to infectious burns. Acquisition of the pathogens thus serves as a triumph for medicine. Options available for treating burn patients are often few and only very toxic antibiotics the likes of colistin can effectively work due to their high levels of toxin. It is thus evident that there underlies impending danger in medicine if better solutions for treating patients with severe burns are not sought. It is a result of this observation therefore that this research study aims at carrying out a survey of the use of bacteriophage to treat patients suffering from severe burns. Bacteriophage viruses use bacteria as their host, and, therefore, the human body cells are at no risk at all. With the help of this thesis therein, not only will an analysis of the use of bacteriophage in the infections be sought but also possible threats to the human immune system. Based on a number of lab tests performed by a couple of collected samples, there has been no scientific evidence on the probable toxic potentiality making the widespread use of the bacteriophage over the years. However with intent of adopting them as sole treatment method of dealing with harmful bacteria infections among countries of the west, there is the quest to carry out more scientific research and testing as well as adopt more stringent measures to effectively authenticate on harmless state of the bacteriophage (Fillipis & Mckee 39). Upon some samples being separated from human biopsies, identification for toxic traces, as well as possibilities of the proliferation of cells, was carried out, and the phage passed the test as no traces were evident. On the contrary, researchers posed possible importance of the phage on the survival of cells. Based on this research evidence, therefore, since the bacteriophage showed no traces of toxins in the human

Final exam quesiton 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Final exam quesiton 1 - Essay Example Indeed, the class accorded me the chance to learn more about the government policies on the American Indians. In addition, the learning methodology used that included lectures, essay writing, film, class discussions, and fieldtrips were fundamental in understanding the topics and improving interactions among the students and instructors. Indeed, I enjoyed the friendly and relevant modes used by the instructors to present the topics and the fact that students were at liberty to freely voice their opinions in the course of learning. Most importantly, the class availed a chance for the students to discuss controversial topics such as race and ethnicity that involve hard feelings and mixed emotions. Through these class discussions, we discussed these topics in a light mind and got the necessary understanding. Moreover, the reward on good attendance, the self-assessment survey, book reports, movie reviews, and other assessment procedures were very convenient and pleasant to this class. Hence, the class was informing, exciting, and worth

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Project Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Project Planning - Essay Example This project plan would help in optimally utilizing the available resources. Designing WBS in a proper fashion will help to understand the cost control techniques and the scheduling techniques that are needed to be adopted to ensure a smooth flow of operations in order to complete the project within the pre-determined time. Proper planning forms the backbone of any process or task that needs to be accomplished successfully. Planning would help to understand the resources that would be needed to complete the project and whether those resources are available or not. It would also enable in understanding the risks that are associated in completing the project within the stipulated time frame. To meet the project deadlines, the suppliers need to be identified. Local suppliers should be contracted to avoid the possibility of construction bottlenecks resulting from the non availability of raw materials at the required point of time. Distant suppliers should not be contracted as this would incur additional costs and make the accomplishment of the project objectives difficult within the specified timeframe. ... Measures should be taken so that the suppliers get to know when the stock has to be replenished and they can accordingly supply the raw materials which would ensure smooth flow of the construction process. Planning should be done to implement quality checks at the right time so that all the suppliers supply the same quality of raw materials. Being the project manager, it needs to be acknowledged that poor raw materials can pose as a potential blockage to the successful completion of the project. Usage of poor raw materials can lead to the crash of the newly constructed extension of the building. This might harm the inhabitants of the house and cause serious damages. So as a project manager, stringent quality checks must be installed to ensure that such type of incidents does not occur. Moreover, as the company has planned to outsource the work related with the fitting of Corgi boiler, extensive research should be done to identify the contractors to whom this work can be outsourced. Tenders should be invited and the contractor who has quoted the lowest price and at the same time offers quality services, should be chosen as the right person to do the necessary electric works. The nature of skilled workforce required to meet the project deadlines should be identified and the availability of such skilled workers must be cross checked. As the project is of shorter duration, to control costs, it was decided that daily wage labourers would be used to complete the work. Some workers would be kept reserved so that, if one of the masons' fails to turn up one day it would not create a barrier as far as the completion of the required work on that day is concerned. For developing a proper planning about the

Final exam quesiton 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Final exam quesiton 1 - Essay Example Indeed, the class accorded me the chance to learn more about the government policies on the American Indians. In addition, the learning methodology used that included lectures, essay writing, film, class discussions, and fieldtrips were fundamental in understanding the topics and improving interactions among the students and instructors. Indeed, I enjoyed the friendly and relevant modes used by the instructors to present the topics and the fact that students were at liberty to freely voice their opinions in the course of learning. Most importantly, the class availed a chance for the students to discuss controversial topics such as race and ethnicity that involve hard feelings and mixed emotions. Through these class discussions, we discussed these topics in a light mind and got the necessary understanding. Moreover, the reward on good attendance, the self-assessment survey, book reports, movie reviews, and other assessment procedures were very convenient and pleasant to this class. Hence, the class was informing, exciting, and worth

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

The poems of Seamus Heaney and D.H.Lawrence Essay Example for Free

The poems of Seamus Heaney and D.H.Lawrence Essay The poets Seamus Heaney and D. H. Lawrence frequently describe their own childhood memories in their poems. Mid-Term Break and The Early Purges by Heaney, both show great examples of the way Heaney felt about many things, like death and relationships, as do the poems Piano and Discord in Childhood by D. H. Lawrence. Lawrence was born in 1885, the fourth child of five. His father was an irresponsible alcoholic, and Lawrence was born hating his father and shivered at his touch. Heaney, however, loved and hugely respected his family and especially his father. Heaney was born in 1939 at the start of WW2. He, unlike Lawrence, was the eldest of nine children, and was brought up and worked on his fathers farm, before being sent to a boarding school when he was twelve. Lawrences parents had a violent relationship one big bloody fight, because of his fathers temper. Lawrence was much closer to his mother because she was highly educated and they understood each other. Heaneys poem Mid-Term Break is all about the death of one of Heaneys younger brother. Heaney conveys many feelings in this poem, like growing up, childhood, memories, and death. He uses many modern techniques in this poem: caesura for emphasis on certain things, enjambment to create a sense of continuity running through the poem, alliteration, imagery and many more. Heaney also portrays a lot of memories in this poem. First the title: Mid, implies an interruption in his life and childhood, and an early introduction to adulthood, but also Break, is a harsh, tough word, that could mean the break in his brothers life and childhood. In the first stanza he mentions sitting all morning in the college sick bay. This was when he was awaiting to be driven home to his brothers funeral from his boarding school, and was feeling isolated and loneliness from the rest of the world. Heaney sees his father crying in the second verse. In the porch I met my father crying, this is also the first implication that the funeral is that of a member of the Heaney family. He also mentioned Big Jim Evans another big, strong role model, affected by the death. The next verse says: The baby cooed and laughed and rocked the pram, which is incongruous and doesnt fit in with everything else. Later, Heaneys hand was shaken by old men, and Heaney was embarrassed, because he should have been showing them respect. He was told: they were sorry for my trouble, which is clichi , and he felt a huge amount of responsibility when whispers informed strangers I was the eldest. Heaneys mother coughed out angry tearless sighs because she was either angry with herself for not looking after her son, or angry with the driver of the car that knocked him clear. In the poem, Heaney felt many things: embarrassment, sadness, and awkwardness. The last verse of the poem reveals the age of his dead brother. The alliteration and sharpness of the last line, really makes you realize how young he was, and how hard it must have been for the Heaney family. The last verse is also set apart from the rest of the poem, because it has only one line. This makes it even more important, because the reader will notice it more, and also pay more attention to it, and what it means. Heaneys other poem The Early Purges focuses on Heaney growing up through his childhood, and his journey to becoming an adult, and obtaining a different perspective on certain things. The Early Purges, is very significant. Early implies something that happened to Heaney when he was young early on in his life, and Purge means to rid yourself of impurities and sin. It also makes the poem sound as if it wont be endurable. This poem is about bad things that have happened to Heaney. It is all about death. As a young boy, Seamus Heaney helped to work on his fathers farm, and during that time he saw farm workers killing lots of defenceless, innocent animals. This is also bluntly written. Heaney was only six when he first saw kittens drown. He makes this very bold at the beginning of the poem. It is hard-hitting and appeals to the hearts of the readers, because kittens are, young, cute and vulnerable animals. Dan Taggart pitched them, the scraggy wee shits. The worker, Dan Taggart is the one doing the killing. He calls the kittens scraggy wee shits, which shows how little he cares about them. The kittens are described as making a frail metal sound, which again shows how young and weak these animals are. The sound also appeals to the aural senses, because the reader can easily imagine the sound and how horrible it must have been.

Monday, October 14, 2019

Effect of Public Place for Urban Poor’s Benefit in Kind

Effect of Public Place for Urban Poor’s Benefit in Kind Introduction The development of cities was marked by the amount of people living in them. The demand of descent infrastructure services was fulfilled with the construction of infrastructure that fulfills the needs of low, middle and upper class people in the society. Nevertheless, the phenomenon that happened in Indonesia cities is with the construction of large scale infrastructures, there are more poor people living near them. With the rapid growth of city development, poverty is globally moving into the cities. Few conditions that caused by poverty are: people who don’t have a sustainable access, created slum area; almost everyday, cities are filled with vagrants and beggars; a large gap in education and health services between the rich and the poor; the formation of slum area caused by the population growth from the rapid flow of urbanization or migration. Until 2010, there are dozens of public infrastructures like health, education, trade and open space facilities gave attractions and opportunities for poor people multiplier effects. According to Jung et al (Jung, S et al, 2009), government expenditures for public facilities was purposed to eradicate poverty level in cities. However, the development of public facilities as one of city attractions can cause the migration of poor people to the cities. Globalisation, migration and social exclusion are often the keywords employed to explain this process of spatial concentration of especially long-term unemployed and immigrant and ethnic minority communities. The availability of public facilities as an attraction factor for poor people activities are analyzed using Geoda to identify spatial effect (Anselin, et al, 2004). Poverty in the City According to the World Bank Institute (2005), poverty is a lack of well-being where the poor can be defined as someone who does not have enough income or minimum adequate consumption levels. Poverty can be defined based on the monetary value, the type of consumption, housing, or the poor health. The macro approach on poverty and well-being focused on individuals ability to function in society, such as income, education, health, powerlessness, and lack of freedom in politics. According to Vincen (Vincen, 2009), poverty is a multidimensional problem that goes beyond economic issues as it relates to social, political, and cultural. Poverty is a form of human conflicts resulting from reactions due to lack of basic needs, biological, and psychological. Characteristics of urban poverty can be reviewed based on three-dimensional indicators of poverty. Based on the national poverty reduction strategy by Bappenas (2004), the three-dimensional nature of poverty can be use to measured in-kind benefits such as: Income. Income are affected by poor peoples livelihood that has shortcomings in terms of skill and willingness resulting non-permanent work. Most of the income derived from employment in the informal sector, because the formal sector is not able to absorb low-skilled labor. Other occupations carried out by the urban poor are high risk occupations where there are no guarantees of sustainability. The impacts derived from the low income are problems in the ownership of land and basic services. Education. The urban poor have limited access to educational services caused by the gap of education costs, limited educational facilities, cost of education, limited access to education; high education costs both direct and indirect costs (Bappenas, 2004). The impact of these problems are the poor people are not able to get a steady job, lack of constructive activities to improve the skills of young people of school age, and gender inequalities. Health. Poor people who work in the informal sector are at risk of having a low income. This causes an inability to reach basic services such as decent housing. The urban poor are dominated by people who do not have a chance urbanization decent tenure thus creating a slum area. The physical condition of housing and income limitations will lead to low purchasing power for accessing health and preserving the environment. Infrastructure Services Utoro (Utoro, 2006) suggested that services embody the organization of to the community as the fulfillment of needs and interests. Public services fulfill primary need which includes service levels, patterns of distribution, outreach, and the tendency of the level of need. Most of the infrastructure can be regarded as a public facility, the facilities provided by the government or private managed in order to meet the needs of the community are typically in the form of roads, bridges, buildings, open spaces, and so on. Social activities and economic activities characterize the development of a city. One indicator of the dynamic development of the city can be seen from the economic conditions of the city (urban economic). In general, the characteristics of urban development can be determined by the capacity of infrastructure and facilities in a city. That condition indicates that the infrastructure and facilities are very vital part in the development of a city. Infrastructure is a key foundation in social and economic activities. According to Dardak (Dardak, 2008), infrastructure services are part of the public sector to enable private sector and household consumption activities. The dynamics of the economy of a city is determined by how much the efficiency of the use of space or land-use patterns for the activity of the economic infrastructure in the city. The economic development of the city will be determined by the dynamics of trading systems that exist in the city and also in the surrounding area. Klojen District Klojen District located in Malang urban center area has the most complete public facilities services and the most densed population in Malang urban area. According to Klojen District Detailed Plan year 2010-2030, Klojen District is planned as the center for regional service for Malang city. Klojen District functioned as the center for education, trade, public service and public administration. According to Malang Statistic Biro (BPS) data year 2011, there are 10.328 poor household living in Klojen District. Methods To identify whether there are neighbouring spatial effect between benefit in kind for the poor in public space and public space services using Geoda, the Klojen District is divided into 37 blocks as analysis unit, using physical boundary (road and river), administration boundary and the distribution of public space. The public space characteristics used in this research are: accesibility, service level, capacity, sidewalk availability, sidewalk pavement, parking availability, open space availability, lighting, security, visitor and activities. Whilst public space benefit in kind for the poor are divided into economic, education and health benefits. Collecting data is used questionnaires to obtain information from the respondents and field observations to obtain data of infrastructure services. The multiple spatial regression is used to create a model of relationship of infrastructure services and benefit in kind the poor. In this research, Geographic Information System (GIS) by ArcMap is used as basic data to analisys in spatial statistic program. Using computer program known as GeoDa, spatial autocorrelation, Moran’s I values, and spatial regression for each variable was able to be calculated. The results of the analysis presented in following: Spatial weights, which describes the relationship between the neighborhood polygons with another polygon. In this analysis will note the number of blocks that are affected and will be included in the model equations; Formula spatial model with the multiple regression model as follows Y1= A.W+ B + a.X1 + b. X2 + c.X3 + d.X4 + e.X5 + f. X6 + ..+k.X27(1) Y2= A.W+ B + a.X1 + b. X2 + c.X3 + d.X4 + e.X5 + f. X6 + ..+k.X27(2) Y3= A.W+ B + a.X1 + b. X2 + c.X3 + d.X4 + e.X5 + f. X6 + ..+k.X27(3) Y1: Economic Benefit (Rp) Y2: Education Benefit (Rp) Y3: Health Benefit (Rp) A: Lambda W: Spatial Weight B: Constants a-k: Variabel Coeffisient X1-11: Independent Variables Spatial multiple regression analysis performed spatial weight and the value of Lagrange Multiplier (LM) Lag and Lagrange Multiplier (LM). The spatial model based on the results of statistical tests that showed the significant value and also it can be seen by the largest value of determinant coefficient (R2). Table 1. Blocks code in Klojen, Malang No Sub District Block code No Sub District Block code 1 Rampal Celaket 65111-1 20 Kasin 65117-2 2 Klojen 65111-2 21 Kasin 65117-3 3 Klojen 65111-3 22 Kasin 65117-4 4 Klojen 65111-4 23 Sukoharjo 65118-1 5 Klojen 65111-5 24 Sukoharjo 65118-2 6 Klojen 65111-6 25 Sukoharjo 65118-3 7 Samaan 65112-1 26 Sukoharjo 65118-4 8 Samaan 65112-2 27 Sukoharjo 65118-5 9 Samaan 65112-3 28 Kauman 65119-1 10 Penanggungan 65113-1 29 Kauman 65119-2 11 Penanggungan 65113-2 30 Kauman 65119-3 12 Gadingkasri 65115-1 31 Kauman 65119-4 13 Gadingkasri 65115-2 32 Oro-Oro Dowo 65119-5 14 Gadingkasri 65115-3 33 Oro-Oro Dowo 65119-6 15 Gadingkasri 65115-4 34 Oro-Oro Dowo 65119-7 16 Bareng 65116-1 35 Kiduldalem 65119-8 17 Bareng 65116-2 36 Kiduldalem 65119-9 18 Bareng 65116-3 37 Kiduldalem 65119-10 19 Kasin 65117-1 Benefit in Kind According to Suwandi (Suwandi, 2004), the poor in urban and rural areas should be able to obtain basic services consisting of economic, educational, and health. Economic benefits, the amount of the benefit that is obtained directly from the income received each month by the community so that it can be used as a savings or investment. Benefits of Education. In the economic benefit, education can be used as one of the indirect benefits received. Educational benefits are the amount of rupiahs set aside for educational purposes such as schools, courses, equipment purchases, and so on. Health Benefits. In addition to education, health can be used as one of the indirect benefits received. Health benefits are the amount of rupiahs set aside for health reasons such as health insurance, the benefit of treatment, and so on. Value of benefit in kind and infrastructure variables in each block is represented by highest value, lowest value, and average value. The minimum and maximum value show the benefit from services that in each blocks, while the average value is the general description of services provided by the blocks. Results Accessibility Accessibility is measured by distance (in meters) between the poor settlements and public facility. A maximum accessibility value à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹is 22.000 meters, while the minimum value is 50 m. This phenomenon suggests that there were a lot of different accessibility characteristics. Poor peoples that worked in the infrastructure services are not only lived in Klojen, but also have been coming from outside of Malang. Level of infrastructure Level of infrastructure is measured by scale of services. Hierarchy of infrastructure level is divided into three levels (districts, cities, and regional). Maximum value of infrastructure level is located in block 65112-2 because there are facilities which serve districts, cities, and regional scale. Capacity of facilities Capacity of facility is measured by area (in square meter) where the activity of poor people conducted in each blcoks. The maximum capacity or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹the largest facilities is 29,100 m2, while the minimum value of the variable is 300 m2. Capacity of facilities Capacity of facility is measured by area (in meter square) where the activity of poor people happened for each blocks. The maximum capacity or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹the largest facilities is 29,100 m2, while the minimum value of the variable is 300 m2. Pavementt Pavement is measured by the types of pavement of the pedestrian way where the activity of poor people conducted in each block. Pavement variable are divided into 4 types: cement, paving, soil, and without pedestrian way. The highest score is located in block 65117-2 where there are full of cement pedestrian way that supports and facilitates people activities. Open space area Open space area is measured by the area (in square meter) of open space where the activity of poor people happened for each block. Maximum value is 2500 m2 and it’s located in 65119-8, while the minimum value is located in blocks without open space facilities. Number of lighting Lighting is measured by the number of lighting facilities where the activity of poor people conducted in each block. The maximum value of variable is 24 lightings and located in block 65111-1 and 65111-4. The minimum value is located in blocks without lighting facilities. Number of security Security variable is measured by the number of security posts where the activity of poor people conducted in each block. A maximum value à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹is 6 security posts, while the minimum values are located in block without security facilities. Number of Visitor Visitor is measured by the number of visitors per day to the facility where the activity of poor people conducted in each block. Maximum value of this variable is 5,000 visitors per day, while the minimum value of the variable is 25 visitors per day. The number of visitors is related to the infrastructure scale. The economic benefits The economic benefits are measured by the value of income (in rupiahs) that was earned every month because of the poor’s working activities in infrastructure services in each block. A maximum economic benefit is Rp12.000.000 per month and it is located in 65119-5, while the minimum value is Rp300.000 per month. Educational benefits Educational benefits are measured by the value of income which can be saved to education purpose (in rupiahs) that was collected every month because of the poor’s working activities in infrastructure services in each block. Maximumt educational is Rp 1.500.000 per month, while the minimum value is Rp 0. Health Benefits Health benefits are measured by the value of income which can be saved to health purpose (in rupiahs) that was earned every month because of working activities in infrastructure services in each block. Maximum value of the health benefits is Rp500.000 per month, while the minimum value is only Rp3000 per month. Spatial autocorrelation is the correlation of a variable to itself through space. This means that spatial autocorrelation quantifies everything are related to everything else, but nearer things are more related than distant things. By investigating spatial autocorrelation, it is possible to test the strength of spatial autocorrelation throughout a map. Meanwhile, Moran’s I is the statistical standard for determining spatial autocorrelation. The strength of autocorrelation is based on a range from -1 to 1. As the resulting product of the Moran’s I calculation approaches 1, the stronger the spatial correlation. Based on the analysis, Moran’s I value of 0.2782, 0.2397 and 0.1152 for all dependent variables, the amount of spatial autocorrelation is minimal. This suggests that where economic, education, and health benefits are located is a function of randomness. Meanwhile, benefits value in the nearest neighbouring blocks is not much affect the high value of benefits in each block. Using Geoda spatial regression, Moran’s I test and Local Indicator Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA), obtained neighbouring spatial correlation model between urban public space characteristics with benefit in kind for urban poor. Table 1 Benefit in Kind Spatial Regression Model Spatial Regression Model Y1 = 1435434+ 0,2837605.W + 483262,9.X10 + 167479,6.X18 Y2 = -2600942 – 0,3221031.W + 20,94021.X1 + 15,33539.X5 + 3581828.X10 + 158529.X11 + 145914,6.X18+ 212624,8.X19 – 304595,4.X20– 368676,7.X21 + 654824,5.X23 Y3 = 22567,75 + 0,1570038.W + 2026,002.X14 + 385,74.X15 + 51283,1.X18 +69346,33.X19 99900,86.X20 + 230,9778.X24 +248,4346.X25 Y1 : Maximum Economic Benefit Y2: Maximum Education Benefit Y3: Maximum Health Benefit W: Spatial Weight (Neighbouring effect) X1: Maximum Accesibility X5: Maximum Capacity X10: Average Sidewalk Width X11: Sidewalk pavement X14: Average Parking Space X15: Maximum Open Space X18: Maximum Lighting X19: Minimum Lighting X20: Average Lighting X21: Maximum Security Post X23: Average Security Post X24: Maximum Visit X25: Minimum Visit Conclusion Cluster Map of Local Indicator Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) shows that the value of each benefit in kinds is not concentrated in a particular region based on the autocorrelation value. This suggests that economic, education, and health benefits are located is a random function. Whereas, benefits value in the nearest neighbour block is not much affecting the high value of benefits in block. Implicitly, the models suggests that the poor act rationally in determining the location of work based of infrastructure services that provide advantages more than the groups of nearest infrastructure in neighboring blocks. Bibliography Anselin, et al. 2004. Geoda: An Introduction to Spatial Data Analysis. USA: Urbana Champaign Badan Pusat Statistik.2012. Perkembangan Beberapa Indikator Utama Sosial-Ekonomi Indonesia. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia Bappenas.2004. Strategi Nasional Penanggulangan Kemiskinan Bab II. Jakarta: Bappenas Dardak, H. 2008. Pembangunan Infrastruktur secara Terpadu dan Berkelanjutan Berbasis Penataan Ruang. Direktorat Jendral Penataan Ruang Jung, S et al. 2009. Public Expenditure and Poverty Reduction in Southern United States. Presented at the Southern Agriculture Economics Association Annual Meeting, Atlanta January 31-February Suwandi. 2004. Perencanaan dan Strategi Penanggulangan Kemiskinan di Daerah.Jakarta: SMERU Utoro, R.I. 2006. Kajian Optimalisasi dan Tingkat Pelayanan Sarana Dasar di Kota Kecamatan Jalancagak-Subang. Tesis Dipublikasikan. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro. Vincen, B. 2009. The Relationship between Poverty, Conflict, and Development. Journal of Sustainable Development. 2(1): 15-28 World Bank Institute. 2005. Introduction to Poverty Analysis: Poverty Manual.

Sunday, October 13, 2019

To what extent do you find this a satisfactory ending to the novel - :: English Literature

To what extent do you find this a satisfactory ending to the novel - chap6 Salinas River consequences of Lennies actions. To what extent do you find this a satisfactory ending to the novel? Chapter 6 takes place at the Salinas River in the late afternoon where we see the consequences of Lennies actions. After murdering Curley's wife in the barn, Lennie has gone on the run and hides in the brush. George finds Lennie and tries to give him a fear free death. This is probably the most moving chapter of the novel. In many ways I find it a satisfying ending, but there is also an element of surprise in the fact that it is George who kills his best friend Lennie, although Steinbeck has prepared us with the death of Candy's dog and Curleys wife. The impact of the ending is very poignant and touching as I feel sympathy for Lennie as I feel I understand him better than the other characters that have died. The link between the beginning of the novel and the end makes it more complete as there is a full circle. The setting that they're in, along the Salinas River with men shouting, and the reason why they are there are also similar to the beginning of the novel and this has looped. Lennie is running from this ranch, the same as in the beginning as they ran away from Weed. But the previous reason was not as serious as this one. Lennie had been accused of raping a woman, whereas this instance he has murdered one. The only other difference in this is that Lennie expects George to follow him and they would both escape together, but that was not to be the story. This was unexpected in the way that George killed Lennie, but Lennie had done too many bad things and this time he had crossed over the line and George had had enough. Lennies hallucination shows how he's imitating all the people close to him. This could be a sign of him going insane and not knowing what to do. When George arrives at the brush, Lennie is trying to make him follow the same ritual by first of all waiting as George tells him off, and then attempts to make him feel guilty by saying how he could run away and live in a cave. After that George would feel sorry for Lennie and they would make up and talk about the ranch and the rabbits. Lennie thinks that he is succeeding, but it creates an empathetic mood when George finally shoots Lennie.